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The Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1999
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Changes over time for: Section 24
Version Superseded: 21/02/2022
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- 01/01/2006- Amendment
- 01/01/2006
Point in time - 21/02/2022- Amendment
- 27/04/2022- Amendment
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Direction prohibiting accused from cross-examining particular witnessN.I.
24.—(1) This Article applies where, in a case where neither of Articles 22 and 23 operates to prevent an accused in any criminal proceedings from cross-examining a witness in person—
(a)the prosecutor makes an application for the court to give a direction under this Article in relation to the witness, or
(b)the court of its own motion raises the issue whether such a direction should be given.
(2) If it appears to the court—
(a)that the quality of evidence given by the witness on cross-examination—
(i)is likely to be diminished if the cross-examination (or further cross-examination) is conducted by the accused in person, and
(ii)would be likely to be improved if a direction were given under this Article, and
(b)that it would not be contrary to the interests of justice to give such a direction,
the court may give a direction prohibiting the accused from cross-examining (or further cross-examining) the witness in person.
(3) In determining whether paragraph (2)(a) applies in the case of a witness the court must have regard, in particular, to—
(a)any views expressed by the witness as to whether or not the witness is content to be cross-examined by the accused in person;
(b)the nature of the questions likely to be asked, having regard to the issues in the proceedings and the defence case advanced so far (if any);
(c)any behaviour on the part of the accused at any stage of the proceedings, both generally and in relation to the witness;
(d)any relationship (of whatever nature) between the witness and the accused;
(e)whether any person (other than the accused) is or has at any time been charged in the proceedings with a sexual offence or an offence to which Article 23 applies, and (if so) whether Article 22 or 23 operates or would have operated to prevent that person from cross-examining the witness in person;
(f)any direction under Article 7 which the court has given, or proposes to give, in relation to the witness.
(4) For the purposes of this Article—
(a)“witness”, in relation to an accused, does not include any other person who is charged with an offence in the proceedings; and
(b)any reference to the quality of a witness's evidence shall be construed in accordance with Article 4(5).
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